Teens in Australia banned from social media
A big change has happened in the social media world. Australia has banned children under the age of 16 from joining many social networks. New laws say the under-16s cannot open accounts with sites like Facebook, Instagram, Reddit, Snapchat, Threads, TikTok, X, and YouTube. It is now the responsibility of these social media sites to make sure all of their users are aged 16 or above. Australia's government said it would fine the companies if they allowed children to access their sites. The fines could be as much as $32.9 million. The companies said they would use different methods to check the age of their users. New users will have to upload identification and scan their faces.Australia's Prime Minister said he introduced the ban because social media was harming young minds. He said a study showed that 70 per cent of children aged 10-15 who used social media looked at harmful content. This included information about misogyny, violence, eating disorders, and suicide. He advised children to do different things instead, like starting a new sport or learning to play a musical instrument. His message to children was: "Spend quality time with your friends and your family, face to face." Many children said they would now be lonelier without social media. Two 15-year-olds are suing Australia's government. They say their "right to free communication" has been taken away.全文翻译社交媒体领域正迎来重大变革——澳大利亚已立法禁止16岁以下未成年人注册使用多家主流社交平台。新规明确，未满16岁者不得在Facebook、Instagram、Reddit、Snapchat、Threads、TikTok、X（原推特）及YouTube等平台开设账号，年龄核验责任由平台承担。政府规定，若平台违规允许未成年人注册，最高可被处以3290万澳元罚款。平台方表示将通过多重手段核验用户年龄，新用户需上传身份证件并完成人脸识别。澳大利亚总理称，禁令旨在应对社交媒体对青少年心智的危害。一项研究显示，10-15岁社交媒体用户中，70%曾接触厌女言论、暴力、饮食失调及自杀相关等不良内容。他建议青少年转而参与体育运动、学习乐器等活动，并呼吁他们“与亲友进行高质量的面对面相处”。然而，许多未成年人认为禁令会加剧孤独感，两名15岁青少年已对政府提起诉讼，称其“自由通信权”遭到侵犯。核心要点梳理维度关键信息政策定位全球首个通过立法强制设定社交平台最低使用年龄的国家适用平台首批涵盖10家主流平台（含上述8家及Twitch、Kick），名单动态更新违规处罚平台最高罚款3290万澳元（约1.5亿人民币），未成年人及监护人不受罚实施时间2025年12月10日正式生效，平台需采取“合理措施”阻止未成年人注册争议焦点年龄核验技术存在漏洞，未成年人可通过AI换脸等方式规避；自由通信权与保护主义的平衡问题引发诉讼重点词汇与句型1. 核心词汇英文词汇音标中文释义语境用法ban/bæn/n./v. 禁令；禁止impose a ban on（实施禁令）、lift a ban（解除禁令）identification/aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 身份证件；识别upload identification（上传身份证件）misogyny/mɪˈsɒdʒɪni/n. 厌女症；厌女倾向特指对女性的系统性偏见或敌意eating disorder/ˈiːtɪŋ dɪsɔːdə/饮食失调如 anorexia（厌食症）、bulimia（暴食症）sue/suː/v. 起诉；控告sue sb. for sth.（因某事起诉某人）2. 高频句型It is the responsibility of sb. to do sth. （某人有责任做某事） 例：It is the responsibility of these social media sites to check users' age.Introduce a ban （推出禁令） 例：The government introduced a ban on under-16 social media use.Take away one's right to do sth. （剥夺某人做某事的权利） 例：They claim their right to free communication has been taken away.政策影响与争议积极影响减少未成年人接触不良内容的风险，缓解社交媒体引发的焦虑、抑郁等心理问题。推动平台完善年龄验证技术，倒逼行业提升未成年人保护标准。潜在挑战技术漏洞：未成年人可通过AI换脸、借用成人账号等方式规避核验。社会影响：线下社交不足可能加剧青少年孤独感，数字鸿沟问题或进一步凸显。法律争议：自由通信权与政府监管的边界问题引发司法讨论。
Greece is the world's best place to retire
More and more people are choosing to spend their retirement overseas. The magazine International Living looked at the countries people most wanted to retire to. The researchers said Greece is the best place for 2026. The magazine has released its Annual Global Retirement Index. This looked at the things that were important for older people who wanted to live in another country in their golden years. These included climate, the cost of living, healthcare, and housing. It is the first time Greece has been the number-one choice for retirees. Spain and Portugal were usually the most popular choices. Panama, Costa Rica, and Thailand were also in the top-ten list for 2026.Jennifer Stevens, executive editor of International Living, said Greece had what many people were looking for. She said the country was "beautiful, welcoming, and affordable". She added that it offered "a lifestyle that feels rich in every sense". The Greek Reporter website found many expats choose Greece because of its beauty. It reported that retirees can benefit from thousands of kilometres of spectacular coastline, endless sunshine, diverse countryside, picturesque islands, and dramatic mountains. One retiree, Leena Horner, left the USA four years ago to live in Greece. She loves the Greek attitude of taking life slowly and the "daily connection with nature".全文翻译越来越多人选择在海外安享退休生活。《国际生活》杂志（International Living）调研了人们最心仪的退休目的地国家，研究人员表示，希腊是2026年的最佳选择。该杂志发布了年度《全球退休指数》，评估了老年人在“黄金岁月”移居他国时关注的关键因素，包括气候、生活成本、医疗保健和住房条件。这是希腊首次成为退休人士的首选目的地，此前西班牙和葡萄牙通常是最热门的选择，而巴拿马、哥斯达黎加和泰国也跻身2026年榜单前十。《国际生活》杂志执行主编詹妮弗·史蒂文斯表示，希腊拥有许多人追寻的一切。她称这个国家“风景优美、待人友善且经济实惠”，还补充道，希腊能提供“一种在各方面都富足惬意的生活方式”。希腊记者网发现，许多外籍人士选择希腊源于其绝美景致，报道指出，退休人士能尽享数千公里的壮丽海岸线、终年普照的阳光、多样的乡村风貌、风景如画的岛屿以及雄伟的山脉。退休人士莉娜·霍纳四年前从美国移居希腊，她热爱希腊人从容慢活的生活态度，以及“每日与自然相伴”的状态。核心亮点：希腊登顶的关键原因结合《全球退休指数》评估标准和实际优势，希腊脱颖而出的核心原因的有4点：气候与自然优势突出：每年阳光天数超250天，冬季温暖如早春，地中海气候对关节和呼吸系统友好，再加上海岸线、岛屿等自然景观，提升生活舒适度。生活成本亲民：多数地区每月2000欧元内即可过上舒适生活，房租、日常开支远低于西欧和北美城市，部分小城镇租金仅为雅典公寓的一半。医疗与居留政策友好：医疗体系完善，私立专科医生预约费仅30-50欧元，英语医生普遍；提供黄金签证、财务独立人士居留许可等清晰路径，申请要求透明。生活方式与社区适配：兼具现代化便利设施与传统文化，国际社区日益壮大，英语支持网络和互助团体能帮助退休人士快速融入。重点词汇英文词汇音标中文释义补充说明retirement/rɪˈtaɪəmənt/n. 退休；退休生活常用搭配 spend retirement（安享退休生活），retire 为动词形式golden years/ˈɡəʊldən jɪəz/黄金岁月；退休后时光委婉表达“退休后的晚年生活”，比 old age 更具温情色彩affordable/əˈfɔːdəbl/adj. 经济实惠的；负担得起的强调“价格在可承受范围内”，名词形式为 affordability（可负担性）expat/ˌeksˈpæt/n. 外籍人士；移居海外者缩写自 expatriate，特指在国外居住/工作的人，区别于 tourist（游客）spectacular/spekˈtækjələr/adj. 壮丽的；壮观的修饰自然景观，比 beautiful 更具视觉冲击力，如 spectacular scenerypicturesque/ˌpɪktʃəˈresk/adj. 风景如画的侧重“如绘画般优美”，常修饰岛屿、村庄等，如 picturesque villagestake life slowly/teɪk laɪf ˈsləʊli/从容慢活；慢节奏生活固定表达，对应希腊“慢生活”理念，反义词组为 rush through life高频短语与句型1. 高频短语spend retirement overseas：海外退休；在国外安享晚年，是全文核心话题短语。Annual Global Retirement Index：年度《全球退休指数》，专有名词需保留大写格式。number-one choice：首选；第一选择，替代 common choice（常见选择），语气更强调优先级。benefit from：从……中获益，后接名词/短语，如 benefit from good climate（受益于宜人气候）。daily connection with nature：每日与自然相伴，connection 此处指“紧密关联的状态”。2. 核心句型It is the first time + 现在完成时：表示“首次发生某事”，如 It is the first time Greece has been the number-one choice（这是希腊首次成为首选）。sb choose sth because of + 名词：某人因……选择某物，because of 后接名词/短语，区别于 because 接从句。offer a lifestyle that...：提供……的生活方式，that 引导定语从句，修饰 lifestyle，如 offer a lifestyle that feels rich（提供富足的生活方式）。
Ozempic 2.0 weight-loss pill could be game-changer
A new generation of game-changing weight-loss drugs could be launched next year. One treatment is being dubbed "Ozempic 2.0". This is a pill version of the widely-used Ozempic. Novo Nordisk, which is developing the new tablet, said its clinical trials showed that Ozempic 2.0 "lowered weight by an average of 10.5 per cent". Rival company Eli Lilly also has a new pill. Its spokesman, Kenneth Custer, said: "We are moving with urgency toward global regulatory submissions to potentially meet the needs of patients." The drugs are currently awaiting approval from the FDA in the USA.The new medicines could make life easier for those hoping to lose weight, and for people with diabetes. Eli Lilly said: "For the majority of patients, this could be the main medicine that they need to control their type 2 diabetes as well as their obesity." Currently, the drug is in the form of a once-weekly injection. The drug has to be refrigerated. The company said: "If approved, we are ready to offer a convenient, once-daily pill that can be scaled globally, removing barriers and redefining how obesity is treated around the world." It is also likely that the new drugs will be cheaper.全文翻译新一代具有颠覆性意义的减肥药物或将于明年上市。其中一款疗法被称作“司美格鲁肽2.0（Ozempic 2.0）”，它是目前已广泛应用的司美格鲁肽（Ozempic）的口服片剂版本。研发这款新片剂的诺和诺德（Novo Nordisk）公司表示，临床试验显示司美格鲁肽2.0“平均能使体重降低10.5%”。其竞争对手礼来（Eli Lilly）公司也研发了一款新型口服药，该公司发言人肯尼斯·卡斯特称：“我们正紧急推进面向全球的监管申报工作，以期满足患者的潜在需求。”目前，这类药物仍在等待美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的审批。这类新药既能让希望减重的人群生活更便捷，也能惠及糖尿病患者。礼来公司表示：“对于大多数患者而言，这款药物或将成为他们控制2型糖尿病和肥胖症的核心用药。”当前，该药物的剂型为每周一次的注射剂，且需要冷藏保存。该公司称：“若获批上市，我们将立即推出一款便捷的每日一次口服片剂，这款片剂可在全球范围内规模化推广，打破现有治疗壁垒，重新定义全球肥胖症的治疗方式。”这款新药的价格也大概率会更低。重点词汇英文词汇音标中文释义补充说明game-changing/ˈɡeɪmˌtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/adj. 颠覆性的；改变格局的核心特征是“彻底改变现有规则/状态”，如 game-changing tech（颠覆性技术）launch/lɔːntʃ/v. 上市；推出医药场景特指“药物正式投放市场”，区别于普通“发布”（release）dub/dʌb/v. 称作；冠名被动用法 be dubbed sth 最常用，如 be dubbed "the miracle drug"（被称作“神药”）pill version/pɪl ˈvɜːʃn/口服片剂版本version 此处指“（同一产品的）不同版本”，tablet 与 pill 均可表“片剂”clinical trial/ˈklɪnɪkl ˈtraɪəl/临床试验医药核心术语，是药物获批前的关键环节，分多阶段开展rival/ˈraɪvl/adj. 竞争的；n. 竞争对手作形容词时修饰 company/firm，如 rival brands（竞争品牌）regulatory submission/ˈreɡjələtəri səbˈmɪʃn/监管申报指向药监机构提交药物审批材料，是上市前的必要流程await approval/əˈweɪt əˈpruːvl/等待审批await 为及物动词（= wait for），更正式，approval 后常接 from + 审批机构diabetes/ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/n. 糖尿病不可数名词，“糖尿病患者”表达为 people with diabetes / diabeticsobesity/əʊˈbiːsəti/n. 肥胖症名词，形容词为 obese（肥胖的），type 2 diabetes 即“2型糖尿病”injection/ɪnˈdʒekʃn/n. 注射剂；注射once-weekly injection 即“每周一次的注射剂”，injectable 为形容词（可注射的）refrigerate/rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪt/v. 冷藏名词形式 refrigeration（冷藏），refrigerator 是“冰箱”scale/skeɪl/v. 规模化推广；扩大规模商业/医药场景核心义，scale globally = expand globally（全球推广）redefine/ˌriːdɪˈfaɪn/v. 重新定义由 re-（重新）+ define 构成，如 redefine medical treatment（重新定义医疗方式）重点短语lower weight by an average of 10.5 per cent：平均减重10.5%关键：“by + 百分比”表“增减的幅度”，是数据描述的核心结构，如 increase by 15%（增长15%）。move with urgency toward：紧急推进……用法：with urgency 作状语表“急迫地”，toward 后接目标（如 regulatory submissions），替代普通表达 push forward urgently。meet the needs of patients：满足患者需求变体：meet patients’ needs（更简洁），核心动词 meet 可替换为 satisfy / cater to。in the form of：以……形式高频场景：描述药物剂型，如 in the form of a pill（以片剂形式）、in the form of liquid（以液体形式）。once-weekly / once-daily：每周一次的 / 每日一次的结构：“once + 时间副词 + ly”构成合成形容词，修饰名词（如 once-monthly check-up 每月一次的检查）。remove barriers：打破壁垒语境：此处指打破“注射给药、冷藏保存、可及性低”等治疗障碍，barriers 还可指“价格壁垒、地域壁垒”。It is likely that：大概率……；可能……替代：It is probable that / There is a high chance that，是正式文本中表“可能性”的核心句型。核心语法非限制性定语从句例句：“Novo Nordisk, which is developing the new tablet, said its clinical trials showed that...”作用：which 指代 Novo Nordisk，补充说明公司的动作（研发新片剂），非限定从可省略，不影响主句核心语义，且需用逗号与主句分隔。条件状语从句的省略例句：“If approved, we are ready to offer a convenient, once-daily pill...”规则：主从句主语一致（均为 the pill），且从句含 be 动词，可省略“主语+be”，完整形式为 If it is approved，是书面语简化表达的典型。现在分词作伴随状语例句：“...that can be scaled globally, removing barriers and redefining how obesity is treated...”作用：removing 和 redefining 作伴随状语，说明“全球规模化推广片剂”带来的两个结果，逻辑上与主句动作同时发生。it 作形式主语例句：“It is also likely that the new drugs will be cheaper.”结构：It + be + 形容词（likely）+ that 从句，it 仅作形式主语，真正主语是 that 引导的从句，避免句子“头重脚轻”（直接说 That the new drugs will be cheaper is likely 会显生硬）。宾语从句的引导词 that例句：“Eli Lilly said: 'For the majority of patients, this could be the main medicine that they need to control...'”用法：第一个 that 引导定语从句（修饰 medicine），不可省略；若引导宾语从句（如 said that...），非正式语境可省略，正式文本建议保留。
Music can help quicker recovery after surgery
A new study shows that music played during surgery can help patients recover. The study was conducted by doctors at India's Maulana Azad Medical College. They played flute music to a female patient while she was having her gallbladder removed. Before the operation, doctors gave the woman anaesthetic drugs to put her to sleep. Anaesthetics block pain signals and totally relax a patient's muscles while they are asleep. However, even when anaesthetics make us sleep, the part of the brain that helps us listen stays partly active. Doctors say patients can still hear music. This means patients need fewer painkilling drugs, wake up faster, and are more alert after surgery.The lead researcher, Dr Tanvi Goel, explained why music is so helpful to patients having surgery. She said her research shows "that this is more than just simple background music". She said music was important because it helped patients feel less pain and need fewer painkillers. Co-researcher Dr Farah Husain agreed. Dr Husain is a senior specialist in anaesthesia. She is also a music therapist. She believes music has an important part to play in the operating theatre. She said: "Our aim is early discharge after surgery. Patients need to wake up clear-headed, alert… and ideally pain-free." She said music helps pain management and reduces patients' stress after they wake up.全文翻译一项新研究表明，手术过程中播放音乐有助于患者康复。该研究由印度莫拉纳·阿扎德医学院的医生开展，他们在一名女性患者接受胆囊切除手术时为其播放长笛音乐。手术前，医生为这名女性注射了麻醉药物使其进入睡眠状态。麻醉剂会阻断疼痛信号，并让患者在睡眠中肌肉完全放松；但即便麻醉使人入睡，大脑中负责听觉的区域仍会部分保持活跃。医生表示，患者此时依然能够听到音乐，这使得患者术后所需的止痛药剂量更少、苏醒速度更快，且术后状态也更清醒。该研究的首席研究员坦维·戈尔博士解释了音乐对手术患者起到显著帮助的原因。她表示，研究证明“这绝非单纯的背景音乐那么简单”，音乐之所以重要，是因为它能减轻患者的疼痛感，减少止痛药的使用需求。联合研究员法拉·侯赛因博士对此表示认同。侯赛因博士是麻醉学高级专科医生，同时也是一名音乐治疗师，她认为音乐在手术室中能发挥重要作用。她说道：“我们的目标是让患者术后早日出院。患者需要清醒、警觉地苏醒过来……最好还能摆脱疼痛。”她指出，音乐有助于术后疼痛管理，还能缓解患者苏醒后的压力。重点词汇英文词汇音标中文释义补充说明surgery/ˈsɜːdʒəri/n. 手术；外科手术不可数名词，“做某手术”常用 have surgery / undergo surgery，具体手术加不定冠词（如 a heart surgery）recover/rɪˈkʌvə(r)/v. 康复；恢复不及物动词，常用搭配 recover from（从……中康复），名词形式为 recoveryconduct/kənˈdʌkt/v. 开展；实施正式用语，表“进行研究/实验/调查”，如 conduct a study/researchflute/fluːt/n. 长笛可数名词，flute music 即“长笛音乐”，乐器类名词前常加 the（play the flute 吹长笛）gallbladder/ˈɡɔːlblædə(r)/n. 胆囊合成名词（gall + bladder），gallbladder removal 为“胆囊切除手术”anaesthetic/ˌænəsˈθetɪk/n. 麻醉剂；adj. 麻醉的美式拼写为 anesthetic，anaesthetic drugs 即“麻醉药物”block/blɒk/v. 阻断；阻挡及物动词，block pain signals 表示“阻断疼痛信号”，名词形式为 blockage（堵塞）painkilling/ˈpeɪnkɪlɪŋ/adj. 止痛的合成形容词（pain + killing），painkilling drugs = painkillers（止痛药）alert/əˈlɜːt/adj. 警觉的；清醒的反义词为 drowsy（昏昏欲睡的），常用搭配 stay alert（保持清醒）anaesthesia/ˌænəsˈθiːziə/n. 麻醉美式拼写为 anesthesia，anaesthesia specialist 即“麻醉专科医生”music therapist/ˈmjuːzɪk ˈθerəpɪst/音乐治疗师therapist 指“治疗师”，music therapy 为“音乐疗法”operating theatre/ˈɒpəreɪtɪŋ ˈθɪətə(r)/手术室英式表达，美式为 operating room（OR）discharge/dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/n. 出院；v. 允许出院常用搭配 early discharge（早日出院）、be discharged from hospital（出院）clear-headed/ˌklɪə ˈhedɪd/adj. 头脑清醒的合成形容词，反义为 muddled-headed（头脑混乱的）pain management/ˈpeɪn ˈmænɪdʒmənt/疼痛管理医疗术语，指通过各类手段控制患者疼痛的专业方案重点短语play music during surgery：手术过程中播放音乐。during 为介词，后接名词 surgery，表“在……期间”，区别于 in（强调在某个时间段内）。have one's gallbladder removed：接受胆囊切除手术。“have + 身体部位 + 过去分词”表“让某人做某部位的手术”，被动含义（如 have one's teeth pulled 拔牙）。put sb to sleep：使某人入睡；麻醉某人。医疗场景中特指“通过麻醉让患者进入睡眠状态”，日常也可指“哄某人睡觉”。relax a patient's muscles：放松患者的肌肉。relax 为及物动词，后接宾语，常用搭配 relax one's tension（缓解紧张）。stay partly active：部分保持活跃。stay 为系动词，后接形容词 active，表“保持某种状态”，partly 修饰 active 强调“部分地”。more than just simple background music：绝非单纯的背景音乐。more than 此处表“不仅仅是”，后接名词/形容词，语气强于 only。feel less pain：感到更少的疼痛。less 为 little 的比较级，修饰不可数名词 pain，区别于 fewer（修饰可数名词）。have an important part to play：发挥重要作用。固定短语，相当于 play an important role/part in，后接介词 in + 动作/领域。early discharge after surgery：术后早日出院。after surgery 为后置定语，修饰 discharge，表“术后的出院”。pain management：疼痛管理。医疗核心短语，涵盖药物、物理、心理等多种止痛手段。核心语法时间状语从句的省略： 例句：“They played flute music to a female patient while she was having her gallbladder removed.”（他们在女性患者接受胆囊切除手术时播放长笛音乐。） while 引导的从句中，主语 she 与主句主语 they 不同，不可省略；若主从句主语一致，可省略“主语+be”，如 while (patients are) asleep（患者入睡时）。定语从句的用法：限定性定语从句（修饰部位）：“the part of the brain that helps us listen stays partly active”（大脑中负责听觉的区域仍部分活跃），that 指代先行词 the part of the brain，在从句中作主语，不可省略。限定性定语从句（修饰人）：“Dr Husain is a senior specialist in anaesthesia who is also a music therapist”（原句合并后），who 指代 Dr Husain，补充其双重身份。被动语态的灵活运用：一般过去时被动：“The study was conducted by doctors”（研究由医生开展），强调动作执行者（by doctors），符合研究类文本的客观性。“have + 宾语 + 过去分词”结构：“having her gallbladder removed”（接受胆囊切除），虽非传统被动语态，但表被动含义，是医疗场景常用表达。宾语从句的引导词： 例句：“Dr Tanvi Goel explained why music is so helpful to patients having surgery.”（戈尔博士解释了音乐为何对手术患者有帮助。） why 引导宾语从句，作 explain 的宾语，从句用陈述语序（why + 主语 + 谓语），时态根据语境用一般现在时（音乐的作用是客观事实）。比较级的用法： 例句：“patients need fewer painkilling drugs, wake up faster, and are more alert”（患者需要更少的止痛药、苏醒更快、更清醒）。 fewer 修饰可数名词 drugs，faster（副词比较级）修饰 wake up，more alert（形容词比较级）作表语，并列使用增强对比效果。
Japan's legendary sushi chef still working at 100
A famous sushi chef in Japan has decided to continue working, even though he just turned 100. His name is Jiro Ono. He celebrated his 100th birthday on the 27th of October. He is one of around 4,380 people in Tokyo who have reached or will reach the age of 100 this year. Just before his birthday, Mr Ono spoke to Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike. She asked him about his secret to living a long and healthy life. He replied, "To work." He said: "I can no longer go to my restaurant every day…but even at 100 years old, I'll try to work if possible. I believe the best medicine is to work." Ono-san said he has no plans to retire from his job. He told Ms Koike: "I plan to keep going for about five more years."Jiro Ono was born in 1925. He started working in a restaurant at the age of seven. Eighteen years later, when he was 25, he moved to Tokyo and worked in a sushi bar. He qualified as a sushi chef in 1951. Fifteen years later, in 1965, Ono opened his own restaurant, called Sukiyabashi Jiro. It was a tiny 10-seat place in an upmarket area of Tokyo called Ginza. He worked for decades trying to make the perfect sushi. In 2007, his efforts were rewarded when he received three stars in the Michelin Guide. In 2011, a documentary about him was released, called "Jiro Dreams of Sushi". In the film, he said: "I haven't reached perfection yet. I'll continue to climb and try to reach the top, but nobody knows where the top is."全文翻译日本著名寿司大师小野二郎虽刚满百岁，却决定继续工作。他于10月27日庆祝了自己的100岁生日，是东京今年约4380名年满或即将年满百岁的老人之一。生日前夕，小野先生与东京都知事小池百合子会面，小池询问他长寿健康的秘诀，他回答道：“工作。”他说：“我如今已不能每天去餐厅了，但即便到了100岁，只要有可能，我仍会努力工作。我相信最好的良药就是工作。”小野先生表示自己暂无退休计划，还告诉小池知事：“我打算再坚持工作五年左右。”小野二郎出生于1925年，7岁时便开始在餐厅打工。18年后，25岁的他移居东京，进入一家寿司店工作，并于1951年取得寿司厨师资格。15年后的1965年，小野开设了自己的餐厅——“数寄屋桥次郎”（Sukiyabashi Jiro）。这家餐厅位于东京高档街区银座，面积狭小，仅设10个座位。数十年来，他始终致力于打造完美寿司。2007年，他的努力获得认可，餐厅被《米其林指南》授予三星评级。2011年，一部关于他的纪录片《寿司之神》（Jiro Dreams of Sushi）上映，片中他说道：“我尚未达到完美之境。我会继续攀登，努力抵达顶峰，但没人知道顶峰在哪里。”重点词汇英文词汇音标中文释义补充说明sushi chef/ˈsuːʃi ʃef/寿司厨师特指专业制作寿司的厨师，chef 强调“主厨级别的专业厨师”turn 100/tɜːn ˈhʌndrəd/满100岁口语化表达，“turn + 年龄”表示“年满……岁”，比 reach 100 更自然governor/ˈɡʌvənə(r)/n. 知事；州长日本“都知事”（如东京都知事）的对应英文表述，美国常用该词指“州长”secret to.../ˈsiːkrət tuː/……的秘诀固定搭配，to 为介词，后接名词/动名词（如 secret to success 成功的秘诀）retire/rɪˈtaɪə(r)/v. 退休；退职常用搭配 retire from sth（从……岗位退休），名词形式为 retirementqualify as/ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ æz/取得……资格；成为强调通过学习、考核获得某职业资格（如 qualify as a doctor 取得医生资格）upmarket/ˌʌpˈmɑːkɪt/adj. 高档的；高端的形容场所、产品等“面向高收入人群的”，反义词为 downmarket（低端的）Michelin Guide/ˌmɪʃəˈlæn ɡaɪd/《米其林指南》专有名词，全球权威餐饮评级指南，三星为最高评级（代表“值得专程前往”）documentary/ˌdɒkjuˈmentri/n. 纪录片可数名词，复数为 documentaries，常用搭配 a documentary about sb/sth（关于……的纪录片）perfection/pəˈfekʃn/n. 完美；极致不可数名词，常用搭配 reach perfection（达到完美）、pursuit of perfection（追求完美）重点短语even though：尽管；即使。引导让步状语从句，表转折关系，如“Even though he is 100, he still works”（尽管他100岁了，仍在工作）。reach the age of：年满……岁。正式表达，与 turn + 年龄 同义，但更书面化（如 reach the age of 100 = turn 100）。secret to living a long and healthy life：长寿健康的秘诀。to 为介词，后接动名词短语 living...，而非动词原形。no longer：不再。表示“过去的状态/动作现在已停止”，位置在情态动词/助动词后、实义动词前（如 I can no longer walk = I can't walk any longer）。try to work if possible：如果可能的话努力工作。if possible 是 if it is possible 的省略形式，为常用简洁表达。keep going：坚持下去；继续前行。口语化短语，此处指“继续工作”，也可表示“坚持生活、不放弃”。start working in a restaurant：开始在餐厅打工。start 后接动名词 working（或不定式 to work），含义无明显区别。a tiny 10-seat place：仅设10个座位的狭小场所。10-seat 为合成形容词，“数词+名词”结构作定语，需用单数名词（如 a 5-page report 一份5页的报告）。be rewarded：获得回报；得到认可。被动语态，强调“努力被他人/外界认可”，如 His hard work was rewarded with success（他的努力获得了成功）。reach the top：抵达顶峰；达到巅峰。比喻义，此处指“在寿司制作领域达到最高水平”，也可指事业、人生的巅峰。核心语法让步状语从句： 例句：“A famous sushi chef in Japan has decided to continue working, even though he just turned 100.”（尽管刚满百岁，日本著名寿司大师仍决定继续工作。） even though 引导从句，表“转折+让步”，从句时态（一般过去时 turned）与主句时态（现在完成时 has decided）根据实际时间逻辑调整，强调“年龄虽大，但动作仍持续”。定语从句的用法：限定性定语从句（修饰人）：“one of around 4,380 people in Tokyo who have reached or will reach the age of 100”（东京约4380名年满或即将年满百岁的老人之一），who 指代先行词 people，从句用现在完成时（已达成）和一般将来时（即将达成）并列，逻辑清晰。限定性定语从句（修饰物）：“a documentary about him was released, called 'Jiro Dreams of Sushi'”（一部关于他的纪录片《寿司之神》上映），过去分词短语 called... 作后置定语，相当于 which was called...，简化表达。“turn + 年龄”的用法： 例句：“he just turned 100”（他刚满100岁）、“when he was 25”（当他25岁时）。turn + 基数词 是口语和书面语中表达“年满……岁”的常用结构，无需加冠词（如 turn 20 = reach the age of 20）。现在完成时与一般过去时的对比：现在完成时：“He has decided to continue working”（他已决定继续工作）、“I haven't reached perfection yet”（我尚未达到完美），强调“动作/状态与现在的关联”（决定影响现在、未达完美的状态持续至今）。一般过去时：“He started working in a restaurant at the age of seven”（他7岁开始在餐厅打工）、“Ono opened his own restaurant in 1965”（1965年开设自己的餐厅），强调“过去某个具体时间发生的动作”，与现在无直接关联。被动语态的使用场景： 例句：“his efforts were rewarded when he received three stars”（他的努力获得认可，被授予三星）。被动语态突出“努力被外界（米其林指南）认可”，而非强调“谁认可了他”，符合客观描述的语境，也使句子结构更简洁。
Japan creates emergency plan to stop bear attacks
Japan's government has created emergency measures to address record numbers of bear attacks. The Ministry of Environment reported that 13 people have been killed, and more than 100 have been injured by bears since April. The death toll is the highest since records began in 2006. Wildlife management experts have devised a plan to reduce the increasing numbers of fatalities, injuries, and encounters with bears. Part of this plan is to reduce bear populations in areas where the animals have been sighted. Another feature is the establishment of region-specific capture targets. Authorities will also set up a buffer zone in many areas to try to separate bear habitats from human residential areas.There are two species of bear in Japan and their numbers have surged in the past decade. Estimates suggest the Asian black bear population has roughly tripled since 2012 — rising from about 15,000 to around 44,000. The larger and more dangerous Ussuri brown bears, native to the northern island of Hokkaido, have doubled in number. There are several reasons for the growth in bear populations. One is the shortage of beech nuts, which scientists attribute to climate change. Another reason is a declining number of licensed hunters, who were largely responsible for bear culls. Finally, a depopulation of rural areas means bears are venturing into towns and villages.全文翻译日本政府已出台紧急措施，应对创纪录的熊袭击事件。日本环境省报告称，自今年4月以来，已有13人被熊致死、逾100人受伤，这一死亡人数创下2006年开始记录以来的最高值。野生动物管理专家已制定计划，旨在减少日益增多的熊伤人致死、受伤及遭遇事件。该计划的部分内容包括：在熊出没区域减少熊的种群数量；制定针对特定地区的捕捉目标；在多个区域设立缓冲区，试图将熊的栖息地与人类居住区隔离开来。日本境内有两种熊类，其种群数量在过去十年间大幅激增。据估算，亚洲黑熊的数量自2012年以来约增长了两倍（从约1.5万只增至约4.4万只）。体型更大、危险性更高的乌苏里棕熊（原产于日本北部北海道岛）数量也翻了一番。熊类种群数量增长的原因有多个：一是山毛榉坚果短缺（科学家认为这一现象由气候变化导致）；二是持证猎人数量减少（他们曾是熊类捕杀的主要执行者）；三是农村地区人口减少，使得熊开始冒险闯入城镇和村庄。重点词汇英文词汇音标中文释义补充说明emergency measures/iˈmɜːdʒənsi ˈmeʒəz/紧急措施固定搭配，指应对突发情况的临时性对策bear attack/beə(r) əˈtæk/熊袭击事件可数名词短语，复数形式为 bear attacksdeath toll/deθ təʊl/死亡人数；死亡率特指灾害、事故等造成的总死亡人数，为单数概念fatality/fəˈtæləti/n. 死亡案例；死者侧重“意外/灾害导致的死亡”，复数为 fatalities，比 death 更正式encounter/ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)/n. 遭遇；邂逅此处指人与熊的意外相遇（常具危险性），也可作动词population/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/n. 种群数量；人口用于动物时指“种群数量”，区别于人类的“人口”buffer zone/ˈbʌfə zəʊn/缓冲区指分隔两个区域的过渡地带，此处用于隔离熊栖息地与人类居住区surge/sɜːdʒ/v. 激增；猛涨强调数量、强度等快速大幅上升，比 increase 更具动态感triple/ˈtrɪpl/v. 增至三倍；三倍于同义表达为 increase threefold，反义词为 halve（减半）Ussuri brown bear/ˌʊsʊˈriː braʊn beə(r)/乌苏里棕熊专有物种名称，需大写核心词，原产于东北亚地区beech nut/biːtʃ nʌt/山毛榉坚果熊类的主要食物来源之一，beech 指“山毛榉树”licensed hunter/ˈlaɪsnsd ˈhʌntə(r)/持证猎人指获得官方许可的猎人，licensed 为过去分词作定语cull/kʌl/n. / v. 选择性捕杀；剔除特指为控制种群数量而进行的有计划捕杀（区别于普通 hunt）depopulation/ˌdiːˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/n. 人口减少；人口流失由 de-（否定）+ population 构成，特指特定区域的人口下降venture into/ˈventʃə(r) ˈɪntuː/冒险进入；闯入强调“冒着风险进入陌生区域”，venture 作动词时需接介词 into重点短语address record numbers of：应对创纪录数量的……。address 此处为“处理、应对”（正式用法），record numbers 表示“创纪录的数量”。since records began：自开始记录以来。固定表达，用于强调数据的历史对比维度。devise a plan：制定计划。devise 侧重“精心设计、谋划”，比 make a plan 更具正式性和专业性。bear sightings：熊出没（记录）。sighting 指“目击事件”，常用搭配 have been sighted（被目击）。region-specific capture targets：特定地区的捕捉目标。合成形容词 region-specific 表示“针对特定地区的”，类似结构如 user-specific（针对用户的）。separate A from B：将A与B隔离开来。固定搭配，separate 为及物动词，强调“使两者不接触”。surge in numbers：数量激增。surge 作名词时常用搭配 a surge in sth，表“某事物的激增”。attribute to：归因于；认为是……导致的。常用结构为 attribute A to B（将A归因于B），被动形式为 A is attributed to B。be largely responsible for：主要负责……。强调“在某件事上承担主要责任”，largely 表示“在很大程度上”。venture into towns and villages：冒险闯入城镇村庄。venture 体现熊“突破原有活动范围、进入人类区域”的主动性和风险性。核心语法现在完成时的用法： 例句：“13 people have been killed, and more than 100 have been injured by bears since April.”（自4月以来，13人被杀、100多人受伤。） 现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）+ since 短语，强调“从过去持续到现在的动作/状态”，此处突出熊袭击事件的累计结果。被动语态（have been killed/injured）凸显受害者，符合新闻报道的客观性。定语从句的多样修饰：限定性定语从句（修饰地点）：“areas where the animals have been sighted”（熊被目击的区域），where 指代先行词 areas，在从句中作地点状语。限定性定语从句（修饰人）：“licensed hunters, who were largely responsible for bear culls”（主要负责熊类捕杀的持证猎人），who 指代先行词 hunters，在从句中作主语。非限定性定语从句（修饰事物）：“beech nuts, which scientists attribute to climate change”（科学家认为由气候变化导致的山毛榉坚果短缺），which 指代先行词 the shortage of beech nuts，避免语义歧义。被动语态的高频应用： 文中多次使用被动语态强调客观事实，如“emergency measures have been created”（紧急措施已出台）、“the Asian black bear population has roughly tripled”（亚洲黑熊数量已增至三倍），被动语态无需提及动作执行者，更符合官方报告的正式语气。并列结构的省略： 例句：“13 people have been killed, and more than 100 have been injured”（13人死亡，100多人受伤）。并列分句中，后一分句省略了与前一分句重复的“by bears since April”，避免冗余，符合英语表达的简洁性。there be 句型的扩展： 例句：“There are several reasons for the growth in bear populations.”（熊类数量增长有多个原因。） 常用结构 There are + 复数名词 + for sth，表示“某事物存在某种情况/原因”，后续可接并列的原因列举（one is... another reason is... finally...），逻辑清晰。
'Superman #1' copy becomes most expensive comic
A pristine copy of the very first self-titled Superman comic has been sold at auction for $9.12 million. This is a world record for a comic book. The rare publication was sold by Texas-based Heritage Auctions. Its vice-president, Lon Allen, called the record-breaking edition the "pinnacle of comic collecting". He said: "Superman No. 1 is a milestone in pop culture history, and this copy is not only in unprecedented condition, it also has a movie-worthy story behind it. I was glad to see the price reflect that, and I'm honoured that Heritage was entrusted with this iconic book." Superman No. 1 first appeared on bookshelves in June 1939. It paved the way for a whole gamut of superhero comics.Prior to its sale, the record-breaking 86-year-old copy of Superman No. 1 had been gathering dust in the attic of a house in California. Three brothers discovered it amid the cobwebs while cleaning out their late mother's house. The brothers said their mother was an avid comic collector, and that she had told them she had "rare comics somewhere". Half a million copies of Superman No. 1 were initially printed. One copy cost 10 cents. Mint condition copies are now extremely rare because the comic invited readers to cut off the front cover to use as a poster. Superman No. 1 became the blueprint for the modern superhero. The character was a symbol of hope, justice, and "doing the right thing".全文翻译一本保存完好的首版同名《超人》漫画书在拍卖会上以912万美元成交，创下漫画书拍卖的世界纪录。这本珍稀出版物由总部位于得克萨斯州的赫里蒂奇拍卖行（Heritage Auctions）经手售出。拍卖行副总裁朗·艾伦称这本破纪录的漫画是“漫画收藏界的巅峰之作”。他表示：“《超人》第一期是流行文化史上的里程碑，这本漫画不仅品相堪称空前完好，背后还藏着一段堪比电影剧情的故事。我很高兴看到拍卖价格体现了它的价值，也很荣幸赫里蒂奇拍卖行能受托处理这本标志性的书籍。”《超人》第一期于1939年6月首次面市，为各类超级英雄漫画的诞生铺平了道路。在此次拍卖前，这本有86年历史的破纪录《超人》第一期一直尘封在加利福尼亚州一栋房子的阁楼里。三兄弟在清理已故母亲的故居时，在蛛网中发现了它。兄弟们说，他们的母亲是一位狂热的漫画收藏家，还曾告诉过他们自己“在某个地方藏有珍稀漫画”。《超人》第一期最初印刷了50万册，单册售价仅10美分。如今品相完好的版本极为罕见，因为该漫画当年鼓励读者剪下封面当作海报使用。《超人》第一期成为了现代超级英雄的创作蓝本，超人这一角色象征着希望、正义与“坚守正道”的精神。重点词汇英文词汇音标中文释义补充说明pristine/ˈprɪstiːn/adj. 保存完好的；崭新的侧重“原始状态未被破坏”，用于描述文物、书籍时强调品相极佳auction/ˈɔːkʃn/n. 拍卖；v. 拍卖常用搭配：sell at auction（拍卖售出）、auction house（拍卖行）pinnacle/ˈpɪnəkl/n. 巅峰；顶点比喻义，指某领域的最高水平，比 peak 更具书面性和庄重感milestone/ˈmaɪlstəʊn/n. 里程碑；重要节点原指“里程碑”，引申为“历史上的重大事件或成就”unprecedented/ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/adj. 空前的；史无前例的由 un-（否定）+ precedent（先例）+ -ed 构成，强调“无先例可循”gamut/ˈɡæmət/n. 全部；一系列常用搭配 a gamut of，表“各种各样的”，比 range 更具文学性gather dust/ˈɡæðə dʌst/尘封；闲置不用固定短语，比喻“长期被遗忘、未被使用”attic/ˈætɪk/n. 阁楼；顶楼指房屋屋顶下的储物空间，常用搭配 in the attic（在阁楼里）avid/ˈævɪd/adj. 狂热的；热衷的强调“对某事物有强烈兴趣并积极追求”，常用搭配 avid collector（狂热收藏家）mint condition/mɪnt kənˈdɪʃn/品相完好；崭新状态收藏界术语，mint 原指“铸币厂”，喻指“像新铸造的一样完好”blueprint/ˈbluːprɪnt/n. 蓝图；创作蓝本原指“建筑蓝图”，引申为“某事物的设计基础或参考模板”重点短语sell at auction：拍卖售出。固定搭配，介词用 at，区别于 sell in（在某地销售）、sell to（卖给某人）。record-breaking：破纪录的。合成形容词，由“名词+现在分词”构成，如 record-breaking price（破纪录价格）、record-breaking performance（破纪录表现）。pave the way for：为……铺平道路；为……创造条件。比喻义，如 The reform paved the way for economic development（改革为经济发展铺平了道路）。prior to：在……之前；先于。正式用语，相当于 before，后接名词/动名词，如 Prior to this meeting, we had discussed the plan（在这次会议之前，我们已经讨论过这个计划）。clean out：清理；彻底打扫。侧重“清理杂物、腾空空间”，如 clean out the garage（清理车库）、clean out late mother's house（清理已故母亲的故居）。amid the cobwebs：在蛛网中。amid 为介词，表“在……之中”，比 in 更强调“被某物环绕”，cobwebs 指“蜘蛛网”，体现阁楼长期闲置的状态。cut off：剪下；切断。此处指“剪下封面”，其他含义如 cut off electricity（切断电源）、cut off communication（中断联系）。a symbol of：……的象征。固定搭配，如 a symbol of peace（和平的象征），文中强调超人角色的精神象征意义。核心语法现在完成时被动语态： 例句：“A pristine copy of the very first self-titled Superman comic has been sold at auction.”（一本保存完好的首版同名《超人》漫画已在拍卖会上售出。） 结构：have/has been + 过去分词，强调“动作从过去发生，持续到现在并产生结果”（此处即“拍卖成交”这一结果），被动语态突出动作承受者（漫画书）。过去完成时： 例句：“Prior to its sale, the record-breaking 86-year-old copy... had been gathering dust in the attic.”（拍卖前，这本破纪录的86年历史漫画一直尘封在阁楼里。） 结构：had + 过去分词，用于表示“在过去某一动作（拍卖）之前发生的动作（尘封）”，强调动作的先后顺序。定语从句的多种形式：限制性定语从句：“the attic of a house in California”（加利福尼亚州一栋房子的阁楼），介词短语 in California 修饰 house，明确地点范围；非限制性定语从句：“Superman No. 1 first appeared on bookshelves in June 1939, which paved the way for a whole gamut of superhero comics”（原句省略 which，补充后更清晰），which 指代前文“《超人》第一期面市”这件事，表结果。宾语从句的连接词用法： 例句：“The brothers said their mother was an avid comic collector, and that she had told them she had 'rare comics somewhere'.” 并列宾语从句中，第一个 that 可省略，第二个 that 不可省略（避免歧义），从句内部用过去完成时 had told、had 体现“母亲告知”发生在“兄弟发现漫画”之前。原因状语从句： 例句：“Mint condition copies are now extremely rare because the comic invited readers to cut off the front cover to use as a poster.” 由 because 引导，直接说明“品相完好的漫画罕见”的原因，逻辑清晰，符合说明文的表达习惯。
Hollywood superstar Tom Cruise has finally won an Oscar. The 63-year-old actor was given a special award on Saturday. Mr Cruise was nominated for an Oscar four times at the Academy Awards, but he never won. Academy president Janet Yang explained why Cruise got his Oscar. She said he is one of the most famous and biggest money-earning actors of all time. She added that Cruise's "incredible commitment to filmmaking, to the theatrical experience, and to the stunts community has inspired us all". Cruise is famous for doing all of his own stunts. Many of them are very dangerous. Hollywood actor Ethan Hawke predicted Cruise would get four more Oscars in the next 20 years.Tom Cruise was very happy to get an Oscar. In his acceptance speech, he said he felt very lucky to be a part of movies and cinema. He said: "Making films is not what I do, it is who I am." He added: "My love for cinema began at a very early age — as early as I can remember. I was just a little kid in a darkened theatre, and I remember that beam of light just cut across the room… Suddenly, the world was so much larger than the one that I knew." He said: "Cinema takes me around the world. No matter where we come from, in the [movie] theatre, we laugh together, we feel together, we hope together. And that is the power of this art form." Cruise is most famous for the Mission: Impossible and Top Gun films.全文翻译好莱坞巨星汤姆·克鲁斯终于捧起了奥斯卡奖杯。这位63岁的演员于周六被授予一项特别荣誉奖项。克鲁斯此前曾四次获得奥斯卡金像奖提名，却始终未能获奖。美国电影艺术与科学学院院长珍妮特·杨解释了为克鲁斯颁奖的原因，她称克鲁斯是影史上最具知名度且票房号召力最强的演员之一。她还补充道，克鲁斯“对电影制作、影院观影体验以及特技行业的极致投入，鼓舞着我们每一个人”。克鲁斯素来以亲自完成所有特技动作而闻名，其中不少特技动作极具危险性。好莱坞演员伊桑·霍克甚至预测，未来20年克鲁斯还能再斩获四座奥斯卡奖杯。汤姆·克鲁斯对于此次获奖欣喜不已。在领奖致辞中，他表示能投身电影行业，自己深感荣幸。他说道：“拍电影并非我的职业，而是我的人生底色。”他还回忆道：“我对电影的热爱从懵懂幼时便已萌芽，在我记事起便是如此。那时的我只是个坐在昏暗影院里的小不点，至今仍记得那束光影穿透影院……就在那一刻，我眼前的世界瞬间变得远比我认知中的广阔。”他感慨道：“电影带我环游世界。无论我们来自何方，在影院里，我们一同欢笑、一同共情、一同心怀希望。这正是这门艺术形式所蕴含的力量。”克鲁斯最具代表性的作品当属《碟中谍》系列与《壮志凌云》系列影片。重点词汇英文词汇音标中文释义补充说明superstar/ˈsuːpəstɑː(r)/n. 超级巨星特指在演艺、体育等领域极具影响力的顶尖人物Oscar/ˈɒskə(r)/n. 奥斯卡金像奖正式名称为Academy Awards，是全球极具权威性的电影奖项nominate/ˈnɒmɪneɪt/v. 提名常用搭配为be nominated for，表“获得……提名”，文中被动形式was nominated体现“被提名”commitment/kəˈmɪtmənt/n. 投入；奉献侧重对某事业的执着付出，区别于普通的“努力”，语气更强stunt/stʌnt/n. 特技动作特指影视中高难度、具危险性的动作场景acceptance speech/əkˈseptəns spiːtʃ/n. 领奖致辞固定搭配，指获奖者上台领奖时发表的讲话theatrical/θiˈætrɪkl/adj. 与影院相关的文中修饰experience，特指在影院观影的专属体验，而非“戏剧的”本义beam/biːm/n. 光束此处特指影院中放映机投射出的光影光束重点短语be given a special award：被授予特别奖项。被动语态结构，强调动作的承受者，对应文中克鲁斯作为获奖对象的表述。of all time：有史以来；空前的。常用来修饰名词表最高程度，如文中形容克鲁斯是影史级的知名演员，增强语气。do one's own stunts：亲自完成特技动作。结合语境可知，体现了克鲁斯在演艺中的敬业态度。cut across：穿透；穿过。文中形象描述放映机光束穿透昏暗影院的画面，比普通的“pass through”更具画面感。take sb. around the world：带某人环游世界。此处为比喻用法，指电影让克鲁斯见识到不同的世界，而非实际的旅行。no matter where：无论何地。引导让步状语从句，此处体现电影跨越地域的感染力。核心语法被动语态的高频运用文中多次使用被动语态凸显客观事实，如“The 63-year-old actor was given a special award”（这位63岁的演员被授予特别奖项）、“Mr Cruise was nominated for an Oscar four times”（克鲁斯四次获得奥斯卡提名）。被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，适用于侧重动作承受者、无需强调动作发出者的场景。宾语从句的多种连接形式由that引导（可省略）：如“Academy president Janet Yang explained why Cruise got his Oscar. She said (that) he is one of the most famous...”，that在此处仅起连接作用，无实际语义。由疑问词引导：如“Ethan Hawke predicted Cruise would get four more Oscars in the next 20 years”，省略了连接词that，从句表述完整的预测内容。直接引语的语法规范文中大量引用克鲁斯的发言，如“Making films is not what I do, it is who I am”，直接引语需用引号标注，且主谓位置可灵活调整（有时主谓倒装，如said he），用于还原人物语气，增强文本真实性。定语从句的修饰用法例“the world was so much larger than the one that I knew”，此处that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the one（指代前文的world），限定范围为“我曾经认知的世界”，让语义更精准。
New 'Lucifer' bee with devil-like horns found
A scientist has discovered a new species of bee in Australia. The bee has tiny horns on its head. The scientist is bee ecologist Dr Kit Prendergast. She gave the bee the Latin name Megachile lucifer. "Lucifer" is another name for the Devil. Dr Prendergast found the bee while she was doing a survey of an endangered wildflower in the city of Perth, Western Australia. She told the "Perth Now" news agency that she gave the bee its name because of its horns. She said: "These horns are very distinct and devilish. I wanted to call it a devil-like name and so I decided on Lucifer." She added: "Lucifer means 'light bringer' in Latin. I want to bring light to issues around the lack of conservation of native bees."Australia is home to more than 2,000 species of native bees. The newly-described bee is one of hundreds in the country that have not been named. Dr Prendergast said: "[There are] many native bees that have evolved in Australia. We don't even know the names of them. They haven't been described. We don't know their distribution or where they nest." The Lucifer bee is "the first new member of this bee group to be described in more than 20 years". She added that there is a lot of "life we still have to discover". Prendergast is worried that the endangered wildflower and the new bee "could be at risk from habitat disturbance and other threatening processes like climate change".译文一名科学家在澳大利亚发现了一种新的蜜蜂物种。这种蜜蜂的头部带有微小的角，发现者是蜜蜂生态学家基特·普伦德加斯特博士。她为这种蜜蜂赋予了拉丁学名——Megachile lucifer（ Lucifer 切叶蜂）。“Lucifer”是魔鬼（Devil）的另一个名称。普伦德加斯特博士在西澳大利亚州珀斯市对一种濒危野花进行调查时，偶然发现了这种蜜蜂。她向《珀斯现在报》（Perth Now）通讯社表示，给蜜蜂取这个名字是因为它的角：“这些角非常独特，带着几分‘恶魔感’。我想给它起一个类似‘魔鬼’的名字，所以最终确定了 Lucifer。”她补充道：“Lucifer 在拉丁语中意为‘带来光明者’，我希望借此让人们关注本土蜜蜂保护不足的问题。”澳大利亚是超过2000种本土蜜蜂的家园。这种新被描述的蜜蜂，是该国数百种尚未命名的蜜蜂之一。普伦德加斯特博士表示：“澳大利亚有许多进化而来的本土蜜蜂，我们甚至不知道它们的名字，既没有对其进行科学描述，也不了解它们的分布范围和筑巢地点。”Lucifer 切叶蜂是“20多年来该蜜蜂类群中首个被描述的新成员”。她还提到，“还有大量生命等待我们去发现”。普伦德加斯特担忧，这种濒危野花与新发现的蜜蜂“可能面临栖息地破坏、气候变化等威胁因素带来的风险”。重点词汇核心名词species：物种（单复数同形，如 a new species / 2,000 species）bee ecologist：蜜蜂生态学家（ecologist 指“生态学家”，对应学科 ecology 生态学）Latin name：拉丁学名（生物分类学专用术语，物种命名的标准语言）Devil：魔鬼、撒旦（专有名词，首字母大写）endangered wildflower：濒危野花（endangered 表“濒危的”，指面临灭绝风险的生物）conservation：保护（尤指自然资源、生物多样性的保护，不可数名词）native bee：本土蜜蜂（native 此处指“本地原产的”，区别于外来物种）distribution：分布（生物学术语，指物种的地理分布范围）nest：巢穴（此处为动词，表“筑巢”；也可作名词，如 bird nests 鸟巢）habitat disturbance：栖息地破坏（生态学术语，disturbance 表“干扰、破坏”）threatening process：威胁因素（指对生物生存构成威胁的各类过程，如气候变化、污染等）关键动词discover：发现（侧重“首次发现此前未知的事物”，区别于 find 普通“找到”）describe：（科学）描述、记述（指对新物种进行分类学上的正式记录和定义）evolve：进化、演化（生物学术语，指物种随时间逐渐变化的过程）nest：筑巢（不及物动词，如 birds nest in trees 鸟类在树上筑巢）bring light to：揭示、让……受到关注（固定比喻义，字面义为“带来光明”）be at risk from：面临……的风险（固定搭配，表“受某事物威胁”）重点短语give sth the name：为某物命名（正式表达，同义于 name sth，比后者更强调“赋予名称”的动作）another name for：……的另一个名称（表同义替换，如 “ATM is another name for automated teller machine”）while doing a survey of：在对……进行调查时（while 后省略主语和 be 动词，完整形式为 while she was doing a survey）distinct and devilish：独特且带有恶魔感的（distinct 表“清晰可辨的、独特的”，devilish 为形容词“恶魔般的”）decide on：选定、确定（后接名词/代词，表“经过考虑后决定”，如 decide on a plan 确定方案）lack of：缺乏……（lack 为名词，后接介词 of，如 lack of water 缺水）be home to：是……的家园（固定表达，后接生物/物种，如 “The Amazon is home to thousands of species”）newly-described：新被描述的（合成形容词，newly- 为前缀“新近、刚刚”，如 newly-built 新建的）member of this bee group：该蜜蜂类群的成员（group 此处指生物分类中的“类群”）habitat disturbance：栖息地破坏（生态保护核心短语，disturbance 强调“对栖息地的干扰与破坏”）核心语法定语从句限制性定语从句：“the first new member of this bee group to be described in more than 20 years”（不定式短语 to be described 作后置定语，相当于 that has been described，表“20多年来首个被描述的新成员”，被动含义）非限制性定语从句：“The scientist is bee ecologist Dr Kit Prendergast, who gave the bee the Latin name...”（原句省略 who，补充后更清晰，who 指代 Dr Kit Prendergast，修饰人）介词+关系代词：“issues around the lack of conservation of native bees”（around 此处相当于 about，引导定语从句修饰 issues，表“关于……的问题”）状语从句的省略例句：“Dr Prendergast found the bee while she was doing a survey...”（while 引导的时间状语从句中，主语 she 与主句主语一致，可省略主语和 be 动词，简化为 while doing a survey...）规则：当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句含 be 动词时，可省略“主语+be”，直接用分词（doing/done）作状语。被动语态的灵活运用现在完成时被动：“hundreds in the country that have not been named”（表“尚未被命名”，强调从过去到现在的状态）不定式被动：“the first new member... to be described”（不定式被动作定语，表“被描述”，符合“被动态+不定式”的固定结构）一般现在时被动：“could be at risk from habitat disturbance”（情态动词+be+过去分词，表“可能被……威胁”）直接引语与间接引语转换直接引语：She said: "These horns are very distinct and devilish."间接引语：She said that those horns were very distinct and devilish.（时态从一般现在时改为一般过去时，指示代词 these 改为 those，符合间接引语的语法规则）同位语补充说明例句：“the scientist is bee ecologist Dr Kit Prendergast”（Dr Kit Prendergast 是 bee ecologist 的同位语，补充说明科学家的具体身份）例句：“'Lucifer' is another name for the Devil”（another name for the Devil 是 Lucifer 的同位语，解释该名称的含义）
The Reading / Listening - Grand Egyptian Museum
A stunning new museum has opened in Egypt's capital city, Cairo. The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) held an inauguration ceremony on Saturday attended by a host of dignitaries including kings and heads of state. Egypt's President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi said GEM "is set to become an international cultural and scientific hub, contributing to enhancing tourism promotion in Egypt". Authorities hailed the museum, which cost more than $1.2 billion to build, as "Egypt's gift to the world". A local tour guide hopes it will "usher in a new golden age of Egyptology". The location of GEM is also likely to attract visitors as it is situated in Giza and offers panoramic vistas of the Sphinx and the Pyramids.The museum has been billed as the world's largest archaeological site dedicated to an ancient civilisation. It houses over 50,000 exhibits that have been relocated from the Egyptian Museum in central Cairo and from sites across Egypt. Dominating the entrance is a towering 3,200-year-old, 11-metre-tall granite statue of Ramesses the Great, one of Egypt's most celebrated pharaohs. GEM also houses the entire Tutankhamun collection in one place for the first time since 1922, when it was unearthed in the southern city of Luxor. Officials hope GEM will encourage the return of Egyptian antiquities held in other countries, especially the Rosetta Stone, which is currently on display at the British Museum.译文一座令人惊叹的新博物馆在埃及首都开罗落成开放。大埃及博物馆（GEM）于周六举行了落成典礼，众多政要出席，包括多国国王及国家元首。埃及总统阿卜杜勒-法塔赫·塞西表示，大埃及博物馆“注定将成为国际文化与科学中心，为促进埃及旅游业发展作出贡献”。这座博物馆耗资超12亿美元，当局称赞其为“埃及献给世界的礼物”。一名当地导游期待它能“开启埃及学的新黄金时代”。博物馆的选址也极具吸引力，它位于吉萨地区，能让人饱览狮身人面像和金字塔的全景。该博物馆被誉为全球最大的专门展示古文明的考古遗址类博物馆，馆藏超过5万件展品。这些展品均从开罗市中心的埃及博物馆及埃及各地遗址迁移而来。入口处最引人注目的是一座高达11米、有3200年历史的拉美西斯大帝花岗岩雕像，拉美西斯大帝是埃及最著名的法老之一。自1922年图坦卡蒙文物在埃及南部城市卢克索出土以来，大埃及博物馆首次将其全部藏品集中展示。官员们希望，这座博物馆能推动流失海外的埃及文物回归，尤其是目前陈列于大英博物馆的罗塞塔石碑。重点词汇核心名词inauguration ceremony：落成典礼（专指重要建筑、机构的正式启用仪式）dignitary：政要、显贵（可数名词，复数为 dignitaries，特指有地位的官员/名人）hub：中心（尤指文化、商业、交通等领域的核心区域）archaeology / archaeological：考古学 / 考古学的（前者为名词，后者为形容词）exhibit：展品（可数名词，强调博物馆中陈列的物品）granite statue：花岗岩雕像（granite 为不可数名词，表材质）pharaoh：法老（古埃及国王的称号，专有名词）antiquity：文物、古物（可数名词，复数为 antiquities，特指古代有价值的遗物）Rosetta Stone：罗塞塔石碑（专有名词，需大写）关键动词hail：称赞、颂扬（常用搭配 hail sth as...，表“将某物誉为……”）usher in：开启、迎来（尤指新时代、新阶段，正式用语）house：收藏、陈列（此处为及物动词，表“为展品提供存放/展示空间”）dominate：占据主导地位、引人注目（此处指雕像在入口处极为显眼）relocate：迁移、搬迁（及物动词，表“将展品从一处移至另一处”）unearth：发掘、出土（特指考古发现，被动形式为 be unearthed）dedicate to：致力于、专门用于（此处指博物馆专门展示古文明）重点短语a host of：众多、大量（后接可数名词复数，同义短语为 a great number of）be set to：注定要、准备好（后接动词原形，表“即将成为/发生”）contribute to：为……作出贡献（to 为介词，后接名词/动名词）tourism promotion：旅游业推广（固定搭配，promotion 表“推广、宣传”）panoramic vistas：全景、广阔视野（panoramic 为形容词，vistas 侧重“远景、视野”）be billed as：被誉为、被宣传为（billed 此处表“被宣称具有某种特质”）dedicated to：专门用于（后置定语，修饰 museum，表博物馆的用途）the entire collection：全部藏品（collection 此处指“博物馆的馆藏系列”）on display：陈列、展出（固定搭配，同义于 on exhibition）核心语法定语从句非限制性定语从句：“The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) held an inauguration ceremony on Saturday attended by a host of dignitaries including kings and heads of state.”（过去分词短语 attended by... 作后置定语，相当于 which was attended by...，修饰 ceremony）限制性定语从句：“It houses over 50,000 exhibits that have been relocated from the Egyptian Museum...”（that 引导从句修饰 exhibits，表“从……迁移而来的展品”）介词+关系代词：“especially the Rosetta Stone, which is currently on display at the British Museum”（which 指代 Rosetta Stone，引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明文物现状）被动语态例句：“over 50,000 exhibits that have been relocated”（现在完成时被动语态，强调展品“已被迁移”的结果）例句：“when it was unearthed in the southern city of Luxor”（一般过去时被动语态，表过去发生的被动动作“被发掘”）用法：新闻类文本常用被动语态，突出事件本身而非动作执行者，体现客观性。分词作定语过去分词作定语：“attended by a host of dignitaries”（修饰 ceremony，表“被众多政要出席的典礼”）现在分词作定语：“a towering 3,200-year-old, 11-metre-tall granite statue”（towering 为现在分词转化的形容词，表“高耸的”，修饰 statue）状语从句时间状语从句：“when it was unearthed in the southern city of Luxor”（when 引导从句，修饰 1922，明确文物出土的时间）原因状语隐含：“The location of GEM is also likely to attract visitors as it is situated in Giza”（as 引导原因状语从句，表“因为选址在吉萨，所以有吸引力”）