Loading... Japan's government has created emergency measures to address record numbers of bear attacks. The Ministry of Environment reported that 13 people have been killed, and more than 100 have been injured by bears since April. The death toll is the highest since records began in 2006. Wildlife management experts have devised a plan to reduce the increasing numbers of fatalities, injuries, and encounters with bears. Part of this plan is to reduce bear populations in areas where the animals have been sighted. Another feature is the establishment of region-specific capture targets. Authorities will also set up a buffer zone in many areas to try to separate bear habitats from human residential areas. There are two species of bear in Japan and their numbers have surged in the past decade. Estimates suggest the Asian black bear population has roughly tripled since 2012 — rising from about 15,000 to around 44,000. The larger and more dangerous Ussuri brown bears, native to the northern island of Hokkaido, have doubled in number. There are several reasons for the growth in bear populations. One is the shortage of beech nuts, which scientists attribute to climate change. Another reason is a declining number of licensed hunters, who were largely responsible for bear culls. Finally, a depopulation of rural areas means bears are venturing into towns and villages. ### 全文翻译 日本政府已出台紧急措施,应对创纪录的熊袭击事件。日本环境省报告称,自今年4月以来,已有13人被熊致死、逾100人受伤,这一死亡人数创下2006年开始记录以来的最高值。野生动物管理专家已制定计划,旨在减少日益增多的熊伤人致死、受伤及遭遇事件。该计划的部分内容包括:在熊出没区域减少熊的种群数量;制定针对特定地区的捕捉目标;在多个区域设立缓冲区,试图将熊的栖息地与人类居住区隔离开来。 日本境内有两种熊类,其种群数量在过去十年间大幅激增。据估算,亚洲黑熊的数量自2012年以来约增长了两倍(从约1.5万只增至约4.4万只)。体型更大、危险性更高的乌苏里棕熊(原产于日本北部北海道岛)数量也翻了一番。熊类种群数量增长的原因有多个:一是山毛榉坚果短缺(科学家认为这一现象由气候变化导致);二是持证猎人数量减少(他们曾是熊类捕杀的主要执行者);三是农村地区人口减少,使得熊开始冒险闯入城镇和村庄。 ### 重点词汇 | 英文词汇 | 音标 | 中文释义 | 补充说明 | | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | | emergency measures | /iˈmɜːdʒənsi ˈmeʒəz/ | 紧急措施 | 固定搭配,指应对突发情况的临时性对策 | | bear attack | /beə(r) əˈtæk/ | 熊袭击事件 | 可数名词短语,复数形式为 bear attacks | | death toll | /deθ təʊl/ | 死亡人数;死亡率 | 特指灾害、事故等造成的总死亡人数,为单数概念 | | fatality | /fəˈtæləti/ | n. 死亡案例;死者 | 侧重“意外/灾害导致的死亡”,复数为 fatalities,比 death 更正式 | | encounter | /ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)/ | n. 遭遇;邂逅 | 此处指人与熊的意外相遇(常具危险性),也可作动词 | | population | /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ | n. 种群数量;人口 | 用于动物时指“种群数量”,区别于人类的“人口” | | buffer zone | /ˈbʌfə zəʊn/ | 缓冲区 | 指分隔两个区域的过渡地带,此处用于隔离熊栖息地与人类居住区 | | surge | /sɜːdʒ/ | v. 激增;猛涨 | 强调数量、强度等快速大幅上升,比 increase 更具动态感 | | triple | /ˈtrɪpl/ | v. 增至三倍;三倍于 | 同义表达为 increase threefold,反义词为 halve(减半) | | Ussuri brown bear | /ˌʊsʊˈriː braʊn beə(r)/ | 乌苏里棕熊 | 专有物种名称,需大写核心词,原产于东北亚地区 | | beech nut | /biːtʃ nʌt/ | 山毛榉坚果 | 熊类的主要食物来源之一,beech 指“山毛榉树” | | licensed hunter | /ˈlaɪsnsd ˈhʌntə(r)/ | 持证猎人 | 指获得官方许可的猎人,licensed 为过去分词作定语 | | cull | /kʌl/ | n. / v. 选择性捕杀;剔除 | 特指为控制种群数量而进行的有计划捕杀(区别于普通 hunt) | | depopulation | /ˌdiːˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ | n. 人口减少;人口流失 | 由 de-(否定)+ population 构成,特指特定区域的人口下降 | | venture into | /ˈventʃə(r) ˈɪntuː/ | 冒险进入;闯入 | 强调“冒着风险进入陌生区域”,venture 作动词时需接介词 into | ### 重点短语 1. **address record numbers of**:应对创纪录数量的……。address 此处为“处理、应对”(正式用法),record numbers 表示“创纪录的数量”。 2. **since records began**:自开始记录以来。固定表达,用于强调数据的历史对比维度。 3. **devise a plan**:制定计划。devise 侧重“精心设计、谋划”,比 make a plan 更具正式性和专业性。 4. **bear sightings**:熊出没(记录)。sighting 指“目击事件”,常用搭配 have been sighted(被目击)。 5. **region-specific capture targets**:特定地区的捕捉目标。合成形容词 region-specific 表示“针对特定地区的”,类似结构如 user-specific(针对用户的)。 6. **separate A from B**:将A与B隔离开来。固定搭配,separate 为及物动词,强调“使两者不接触”。 7. **surge in numbers**:数量激增。surge 作名词时常用搭配 a surge in sth,表“某事物的激增”。 8. **attribute to**:归因于;认为是……导致的。常用结构为 attribute A to B(将A归因于B),被动形式为 A is attributed to B。 9. **be largely responsible for**:主要负责……。强调“在某件事上承担主要责任”,largely 表示“在很大程度上”。 10. **venture into towns and villages**:冒险闯入城镇村庄。venture 体现熊“突破原有活动范围、进入人类区域”的主动性和风险性。 ### 核心语法 1. **现在完成时的用法**: 例句:“13 people have been killed, and more than 100 have been injured by bears since April.”(自4月以来,13人被杀、100多人受伤。) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)+ since 短语,强调“从过去持续到现在的动作/状态”,此处突出熊袭击事件的累计结果。被动语态(have been killed/injured)凸显受害者,符合新闻报道的客观性。 2. **定语从句的多样修饰**: - 限定性定语从句(修饰地点):“areas where the animals have been sighted”(熊被目击的区域),where 指代先行词 areas,在从句中作地点状语。 - 限定性定语从句(修饰人):“licensed hunters, who were largely responsible for bear culls”(主要负责熊类捕杀的持证猎人),who 指代先行词 hunters,在从句中作主语。 - 非限定性定语从句(修饰事物):“beech nuts, which scientists attribute to climate change”(科学家认为由气候变化导致的山毛榉坚果短缺),which 指代先行词 the shortage of beech nuts,避免语义歧义。 3. **被动语态的高频应用**: 文中多次使用被动语态强调客观事实,如“emergency measures have been created”(紧急措施已出台)、“the Asian black bear population has roughly tripled”(亚洲黑熊数量已增至三倍),被动语态无需提及动作执行者,更符合官方报告的正式语气。 4. **并列结构的省略**: 例句:“13 people have been killed, and more than 100 have been injured”(13人死亡,100多人受伤)。并列分句中,后一分句省略了与前一分句重复的“by bears since April”,避免冗余,符合英语表达的简洁性。 5. **there be 句型的扩展**: 例句:“There are several reasons for the growth in bear populations.”(熊类数量增长有多个原因。) 常用结构 There are + 复数名词 + for sth,表示“某事物存在某种情况/原因”,后续可接并列的原因列举(one is... another reason is... finally...),逻辑清晰。 最后修改:2025 年 11 月 26 日 © 允许规范转载 打赏 赞赏作者 支付宝微信 赞 如果觉得我的文章对你有用,请随意赞赏