Loading... A scientist has discovered a new species of bee in Australia. The bee has tiny horns on its head. The scientist is bee ecologist Dr Kit Prendergast. She gave the bee the Latin name Megachile lucifer. "Lucifer" is another name for the Devil. Dr Prendergast found the bee while she was doing a survey of an endangered wildflower in the city of Perth, Western Australia. She told the "Perth Now" news agency that she gave the bee its name because of its horns. She said: "These horns are very distinct and devilish. I wanted to call it a devil-like name and so I decided on Lucifer." She added: "Lucifer means 'light bringer' in Latin. I want to bring light to issues around the lack of conservation of native bees." Australia is home to more than 2,000 species of native bees. The newly-described bee is one of hundreds in the country that have not been named. Dr Prendergast said: "[There are] many native bees that have evolved in Australia. We don't even know the names of them. They haven't been described. We don't know their distribution or where they nest." The Lucifer bee is "the first new member of this bee group to be described in more than 20 years". She added that there is a lot of "life we still have to discover". Prendergast is worried that the endangered wildflower and the new bee "could be at risk from habitat disturbance and other threatening processes like climate change". ### 译文 一名科学家在澳大利亚发现了一种新的蜜蜂物种。这种蜜蜂的头部带有微小的角,发现者是蜜蜂生态学家基特·普伦德加斯特博士。她为这种蜜蜂赋予了拉丁学名——**Megachile lucifer**( Lucifer 切叶蜂)。“Lucifer”是魔鬼(Devil)的另一个名称。普伦德加斯特博士在西澳大利亚州珀斯市对一种濒危野花进行调查时,偶然发现了这种蜜蜂。她向《珀斯现在报》(Perth Now)通讯社表示,给蜜蜂取这个名字是因为它的角:“这些角非常独特,带着几分‘恶魔感’。我想给它起一个类似‘魔鬼’的名字,所以最终确定了 Lucifer。”她补充道:“Lucifer 在拉丁语中意为‘带来光明者’,我希望借此让人们关注本土蜜蜂保护不足的问题。” 澳大利亚是超过2000种本土蜜蜂的家园。这种新被描述的蜜蜂,是该国数百种尚未命名的蜜蜂之一。普伦德加斯特博士表示:“澳大利亚有许多进化而来的本土蜜蜂,我们甚至不知道它们的名字,既没有对其进行科学描述,也不了解它们的分布范围和筑巢地点。”Lucifer 切叶蜂是“20多年来该蜜蜂类群中首个被描述的新成员”。她还提到,“还有大量生命等待我们去发现”。普伦德加斯特担忧,这种濒危野花与新发现的蜜蜂“可能面临栖息地破坏、气候变化等威胁因素带来的风险”。 --- ### 重点词汇 #### 核心名词 - species:物种(单复数同形,如 a new species / 2,000 species) - bee ecologist:蜜蜂生态学家(ecologist 指“生态学家”,对应学科 ecology 生态学) - Latin name:拉丁学名(生物分类学专用术语,物种命名的标准语言) - Devil:魔鬼、撒旦(专有名词,首字母大写) - endangered wildflower:濒危野花(endangered 表“濒危的”,指面临灭绝风险的生物) - conservation:保护(尤指自然资源、生物多样性的保护,不可数名词) - native bee:本土蜜蜂(native 此处指“本地原产的”,区别于外来物种) - distribution:分布(生物学术语,指物种的地理分布范围) - nest:巢穴(此处为动词,表“筑巢”;也可作名词,如 bird nests 鸟巢) - habitat disturbance:栖息地破坏(生态学术语,disturbance 表“干扰、破坏”) - threatening process:威胁因素(指对生物生存构成威胁的各类过程,如气候变化、污染等) #### 关键动词 - discover:发现(侧重“首次发现此前未知的事物”,区别于 find 普通“找到”) - describe:(科学)描述、记述(指对新物种进行分类学上的正式记录和定义) - evolve:进化、演化(生物学术语,指物种随时间逐渐变化的过程) - nest:筑巢(不及物动词,如 birds nest in trees 鸟类在树上筑巢) - bring light to:揭示、让……受到关注(固定比喻义,字面义为“带来光明”) - be at risk from:面临……的风险(固定搭配,表“受某事物威胁”) --- ### 重点短语 - give sth the name:为某物命名(正式表达,同义于 name sth,比后者更强调“赋予名称”的动作) - another name for:……的另一个名称(表同义替换,如 “ATM is another name for automated teller machine”) - while doing a survey of:在对……进行调查时(while 后省略主语和 be 动词,完整形式为 while she was doing a survey) - distinct and devilish:独特且带有恶魔感的(distinct 表“清晰可辨的、独特的”,devilish 为形容词“恶魔般的”) - decide on:选定、确定(后接名词/代词,表“经过考虑后决定”,如 decide on a plan 确定方案) - lack of:缺乏……(lack 为名词,后接介词 of,如 lack of water 缺水) - be home to:是……的家园(固定表达,后接生物/物种,如 “The Amazon is home to thousands of species”) - newly-described:新被描述的(合成形容词,newly- 为前缀“新近、刚刚”,如 newly-built 新建的) - member of this bee group:该蜜蜂类群的成员(group 此处指生物分类中的“类群”) - habitat disturbance:栖息地破坏(生态保护核心短语,disturbance 强调“对栖息地的干扰与破坏”) --- ### 核心语法 1. **定语从句** - 限制性定语从句:“the first new member of this bee group to be described in more than 20 years”(不定式短语 to be described 作后置定语,相当于 that has been described,表“20多年来首个被描述的新成员”,被动含义) - 非限制性定语从句:“The scientist is bee ecologist Dr Kit Prendergast, who gave the bee the Latin name...”(原句省略 who,补充后更清晰,who 指代 Dr Kit Prendergast,修饰人) - 介词+关系代词:“issues around the lack of conservation of native bees”(around 此处相当于 about,引导定语从句修饰 issues,表“关于……的问题”) 2. **状语从句的省略** - 例句:“Dr Prendergast found the bee while she was doing a survey...”(while 引导的时间状语从句中,主语 she 与主句主语一致,可省略主语和 be 动词,简化为 while doing a survey...) - 规则:当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句含 be 动词时,可省略“主语+be”,直接用分词(doing/done)作状语。 3. **被动语态的灵活运用** - 现在完成时被动:“hundreds in the country that have not been named”(表“尚未被命名”,强调从过去到现在的状态) - 不定式被动:“the first new member... to be described”(不定式被动作定语,表“被描述”,符合“被动态+不定式”的固定结构) - 一般现在时被动:“could be at risk from habitat disturbance”(情态动词+be+过去分词,表“可能被……威胁”) 4. **直接引语与间接引语转换** - 直接引语:She said: "These horns are very distinct and devilish." - 间接引语:She said that those horns were very distinct and devilish.(时态从一般现在时改为一般过去时,指示代词 these 改为 those,符合间接引语的语法规则) 5. **同位语补充说明** - 例句:“the scientist is bee ecologist Dr Kit Prendergast”(Dr Kit Prendergast 是 bee ecologist 的同位语,补充说明科学家的具体身份) - 例句:“'Lucifer' is another name for the Devil”(another name for the Devil 是 Lucifer 的同位语,解释该名称的含义) 最后修改:2025 年 11 月 17 日 © 允许规范转载 打赏 赞赏作者 支付宝微信 赞 如果觉得我的文章对你有用,请随意赞赏